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Introduction and/or last update date:

In Italy, administrative detention centres for foreigners are known as «identification and expulsion centres» (CIE). In 2014, the maximum length of detention in CIEs was reduced from 18 months to 90 days (law no. 163 of 30.10.2014) and only five CIEs out of 13 were operative. However, the closures resulting from revolts and/or the structures not being fit for use are temporary. In September-October 2015, the CIEs in Crotone and Brindisi reopened and there are also plans to reopen those in Milan and Gradisca d’Isonzo.
Migrants who arrive by sea are also denied their freedom in «centres for first aid and reception» (CPSA), particularly in Lampedusa and Pozzallo (Sicily). This was confirmed following the conversion of these centres, as well as the CIE in Trapani (Sicily), into «hotspots» (in Lampedusa, on 21/09/2015; in Trapani, on 23/12/2015; in Pozzallo, on 19/01/2016). In the short term, there are plans to open three other «hotspots» in Taranto (Apulia), Porto Empedocle and Augusta (Sicily).
There is also a galaxy of «reception centres» («reception centre for asylum seekers» - CARA, «emergency reception centre» - CAS…) which are not listed here, but where situations of denial of freedom and the violation of rights can be regularly observed. The same applies to international areas which are at the border points in ports and airports where, without a clear legal framework, many foreigners who do not fulfil the conditions for entry into the territory are kept for the purpose of organising their return.

Last update date: 02/2016

Number of camps: 9
Number of camps entered in the database. For the calculation of the number of camps, please refer to the Methodology page

Camps in this country:

- Bari Palese (Aeroporto Bari Palese)
- Brindisi Restinco
- Caltanissetta (Contrada Pian del Lago)
- Lampedusa - Contrada Imbriacola (Agrigento)
- Ponte Galeria (Roma)
- Pozzallo (Ragusa)
- Taranto
- Torino (Corso Brunelleschi)
- Trapani (Localita Milo)

Map

Total capacity (sum of the capacities of the camps across the country)

Sources

Official information (Ministry of Interior, etc.) about the total capacity of the camps in a country are sometimes available. However this indicator is the sum of the capacities of operational camps in the country. The sources of these data are often different from one camp to another, it is not possible for us – as a matter of readability – to display these sources here. We are looking for a technical solution to indicate the various sources of this indicator, and report further discrepancies between the official total capacity and the actual capacity. As a reminder, the official total capacity of camps - when published - is often less than the actual capacity.

Typology of camps in the country:

- Centro di identificazione ed espulsione (C.I.E)
- Centro di primo soccorso e assistenza (CPSA)
- Hotspot

Maximum length of detention in the country (in days)

Sources

From 2000 to 2001: L. 40/1998 - "Turco - Napolitano" - Disciplina dell'immigrazione e norme sulla condizione dello straniero. http://www.camera.it/parlam/leggi/98040l.htm 14/09/2014
From 2002 to 2008: L. 189/2002 - "Bossi - Fini" - Modifica alla normativa in materia di immigrazione e di asilo. http://www.camera.it/parlam/leggi/02189l.htm 14/09/2014
From 2009 to 2011: L. 94/2009 - Disposizioni in materia di pubblica sicurezza. http://www.altalex.com/index.php?idnot=41644 14/09/2014
From 2012 to 2014: L. 129/2011 - Conversione in legge, con modificazioni, del decreto-legge 23 giugno 2011, n. 89, recante disposizioni urgenti per il completamento dell'attuazione della direttiva 2004/38/CE sulla libera circolazione dei cittadini comunitari e per il recepimento della direttiva 2008/115/CE sul rimpatrio dei cittadini di Paesi terzi irregolari. http://www.meltingpot.org/IMG/pdf/legge.129.2011.pdf 14/09/2014
2015: L. 30.10.2014, n. 163, in G.U. del 10.11.2014 suppl. ord.

Number of persons detained

Sources

From 1998 to 1999: COLOMBO Asher, Fuori controllo ?, Il Mulino, Bologna, 2012, p. 121
From 2000 to 2002: Ministère de l'Intérieur - Elaborations Lunaria, 2013 ; COLOMBO Asher, Fuori controllo ?, Il Mulino, Bologna, 2012, p. 121
From 2003 to 2006: Ministero dell’Interno, Rapporto sulla criminalità in Italia, 2007 ; COLOMBO Asher, Fuori controllo ?, Il Mulino, Bologna, 2012, p. 121
2007: COLOMBO Asher, Fuori controllo ?, Il Mulino, Bologna, 2012, p. 121
From 2008 to 2009: Medici per i Diritti Umani, L’iniquo ingranaggio dei CIE, juillet 2012 http://www.mediciperidirittiumani.org/liniquo-ingranaggio-dei-cie-2/ ; COLOMBO Asher, Fuori controllo ?, Il Mulino, Bologna, 2012, p. 121 ; Eurostat / in COM(2011) 248 final, Communication de la commission au Parlement européen, au Conseil, au Comité économique et social européen et au comité des Régions. Communication sur la migration.
From 2010 to 2011: Medici per i Diritti Umani, L’iniquo ingranaggio dei CIE, juillet 2012 http://www.mediciperidirittiumani.org/liniquo-ingranaggio-dei-cie-2/ ; COLOMBO Asher, Fuori controllo ?, Il Mulino, Bologna, 2012, p. 121
2012: COLOMBO Asher, Fuori controllo ?, Il Mulino, Bologna, 2012, p. 121
2013: Eurostat, 2014

Number of persons deported

Sources

From 2002 to 2004: CIREFI / in SEC (2006)1010, Second annual report on the development of a common policy on illegal immigration, smuggling and trafficking of human beings, external border controls, and the return of illegal residents. http://www.statewatch.org/news/2006/jul/com-migration-2nd-rep-sec-1010.pdf 14/09/2014
From 2008 to 2014: Eurostat, 2016
2015: http://www.repubblica.it/cronaca/2016/01/30/news/la_partita_dei_rimpatri_nel_2015_su_34mila_espulsi_tornati_a_casa_meno_di_4mila-132337719/

Outgoing Dublin transfers

Sources

Eurostat

Incoming Dublin transfers

Mapping of migrant camps

Mapping of migrant camps

Italy

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